Legal Gray Area in my Book...HELP!

Hello everyone!

I’m currently writing a novel that is basically Tom Clancy meets Star Trek: TNG, and I’ve run into a bit of a roadblock. I just had a video that popped up on my YouTube homescreen about including copyrighted works within your own book (link: https://youtu.be/_UdsZaNl-Sg?si=KwWLR0BqdZnip1LZ). In my book, I explicitly reference a few real-world companies by name and have a scene with a character quoting lyrics from songs, so I need some legal advice if you can offer it.

Several of the real companies mentioned in my book are from overseas (Huawei, Kalishnikov Concerns, VinGroup, etc.), so I’m not sure how this would effect licensing. Does anyone have their two cents they can impart here to help me? Worst case scenario, I can just change these names to fictional companies, as so many organizations in my book are fictional already.

Additionally, I have a scene where a character is signing along to the words of “Africa” by Toto, and then later sings a parody of “Why Can’t We Be Friends” by War when his commanding officer tells him to attend to his duties. Based on this video, do I need to alter this scene or cut it entirely? I feel it makes it hilarious, as the only other way I could have a similar scene would be to have him singing a song from the period the book is set in, which the readers wouldn’t be familiar with. However, I’m also unwilling to pay any licensing fees, as I’m a new author.

What are your guys’ thoughts on this?